Mastering and reel to reel

Posted: Mon Aug 27, 2007 12:36 pm

Hi, I'm thinking of running my mixes through a reel tape recorder to get that analog feel in them. I just don't have a clue about which one to get or anything like that. Is there a particular recorder that people use for this sort of stuff, or does it even matter a lot? I got some advice to get this atr guy but he's like a gagillion dollars. Any advice would be helpful.

Posted: Mon Aug 27, 2007 1:52 pm

sergxp, yes, that is one way to get that nonlinear analog saturation. Of course, since this is a coloring process, just like any art, there are numerous ways to accomplish this. You may not want that saturated sound across your whole mix.

As you surmised, you can play out a track from your computer, assigning that output to the input of an analog tape machine. You then make sure that this 3 head (it must be a 3 head machine) is in record mode, recording, while it is in playback head monitoring. This output would then be sent back to your computer audio interface input and/or other multitrack recorder and recorded to an available open track. This type of an effect works best on percussive instruments such as drums. Saturating a vocal is not particularly pretty sounding. But guitars and electric basses, Leslie's, are fair game.

I was actually considering purchasing another 24 track analog machine? I used to have an MCI JH 10-16 track which I later got rid of an replaced with a Ampex MM 1200-24 track machine. In 1993, I got out of analog recording altogether. But my friend and competitor has 2 OTARI MTR90 II 24 track machines. I was thinking, since he might let one go for as little as $2500? I might stick it back in the mobile studio and during tracking sessions feed everything through it while in tape monitor playback mode, while its output feeds the 24 track HD 24 inputs and prints to digital 80 ms or 40 ms later depending on speed of the analog machine. Personally, for that purpose, I'd rather have back the Ampex MM 1200 since it was one of the finest recording machines ever made. Some Japanese machines ain't bad and many hits have been produced on those. Bruce bought a pair, which I checked out and tweaked up for him. But he never used them. They now sit at the back of his studio warehouse gathering dust. OK, so maybe $2500 for a good working MTR90II? Either way, if you want that drum saturation, got to have multiple tracks, if you're tracking live like I do. Of course with just a 2 track machine, you can go back, feeding whatever track you want to the analog machine and rerecording it back into your computer. You must do this in real time. That is to say, if you record the track from the computer to the analog tape machine and later rewind the analog machine and attempt to stripe it back into the multitrack on the computer, it won't work. It won't work because tape stretches and there is no time code involve nor time code synchronizer's. So you must actually be recording while playing back while recording at the same time back to your digital machines. Then you would only need to deal with the 40 to 80 ms delay that you could simply slip in the timeline to resynchronize, since no stretching and no time code would be necessary.

Is this method clear to you?
Ms. Remy Ann David

As far as which recorders? Mark Spitz at ATR magnetics features some wonderful, hybrid, restored, modified Ampex ATR 100 series machines and others. He charges a lot for an extremely superior studio machine. Of course, you don't need anything quite like that. A simple used TEAC/TASCAM, properly adjusted will do just fine.

I personally have numerous Ampex and Scully 1/4", 1/2" machines. I have a nice stereo AG 350 in an original portable rack box. It's available and I'm taking offers. Before I let it go, I will put it on the test bench with the test tapes and run it through a full playback and record calibration. I generally use the MRL test tapes (which were originally mastered upon highly modified Ampex 440 transports) and the STL flutter test tapes with the Fidelipac flutter meter. These older machines however, do not work well with what is known to be the last generation of high output low noise magnetic tape. Because of this, earlier/lesser formulations work much better on these older technology machines. The problem in the past had been one of erasure. The older machines just could not erase enough of the previous track. You could hear it in the background. No amount of the erase or bias energy seemed to solve that problem as the erase head core would saturate. Later, a German manufacturer seemed to come up with an erase head, that would completely erase the tape. They were made by a company called Wolke. Their erase heads did not include a guard band, at the center of the two channels but rather 2 staggered 1/8" wide erase head tracks, in the same body. Scully nor Ampex ever adopted those heads but MCI and Studer did.

If you get your hands on an older used TASCAM 7300/3300, etc. or better still an Otari MX50-50, I'm sure you can find them for only a couple of hundred dollars on eBay. 1/4" tape is still available from companies like Sony and Maxell. Those tapes should function properly on these older machines.

Let me know if you are interested in either an Ampex AG 350 stereo machine with germanium transistors or a Scully 280 A stereo machine with germanium transistors or a Scully280B mono with silicon transistors. These are collectors items and all are in beautiful condition. I also have numerous spare parts and heads along with major assemblies, motors, etc., available.

Old Scully quality control manager and final test technician
Ms. Remy Ann David

Posted: Wed Aug 29, 2007 9:42 pm

Hate to but in, but it's something I always wondered...

I've been told that if I wanted to hand in my mixes to a mastering engineer on tape, I have to record "calibrating tones". I beleive at 1kHz and another. What's the deal with that?

Posted: Wed Aug 29, 2007 10:45 pm

Well Mark, back in the good old days, if you're a professional studio, professional engineer, there was certain protocol that one had to go through. This included adjusting multitrack tape machine's to the type and brand of tape, before each session. You do a full playback calibration followed by a full record calibration. With that record calibration you would include sinewave tones with a specified level and a 500 or 1kHz reference frequency. You would also include 50 hertz & 100 hertz as well as 10,000 hertz & 15,000 hertz. Now, wherever this multitrack tape went, the studio would be able to calibrate its machine by utilizing the tones on the tape to provide consistency between studios and machines.

When you finished mixing to your 1/4" or 1/2" stereo analogues machine, again, you would include the same calibration tones. This was especially important when you send your product out for disk mastering for vinyl distribution. Disk mastering engineers do more than just make your stuff loud. Cutting into lacquer masters or even direct to Copper metal mastering, is not like recording to analog tape or digital. It has its own set of problems and requires a high level of expertise. For instance, high frequencies appear less further towards the label than at the outside extremities/edges, since the speed appears to be less towards the center and faster towards the outer edges. Faster equals more high frequencies. Slower equals less hi frequencies. Plus you could make the cutting stylus cut a groove that could not be tracked. That's no good. So lacquer disk mastering was not for beginners. It's not even for professionals who are not disk mastering engineers of the old school.

I'm not even going to go into the whys or wherefores regarding analog tape bias adjustments, which greatly affected the sound of the recording on the tape. You would adjust your bias differently for different tape formulations and recording situations. Only if you knew what you were doing otherwise, you're out of business.

Former factory authorized Scully, Ampex, 3M & MCI technician. From the old school.

And remember! Larry Craig is not gay!
Ms. Remy Ann David

Moderator Joined: Sep 12, 2002 Posts: 1884 Location: NYC

Calibrating a tape machine is easy. you can find directions all over the net and in 1 day you'll be a pro... well maybe two days. the expensive part is buying an MRL tape.

Posted: Thu Aug 30, 2007 10:10 am

Ah! Sounds like an oscillator is required! Finally a good excuse to have a proper one! Very Happy

This topic sponsored by: