setting the -0.01db is an FS and is a peak level

so what you have done is set the loudest peak to just outside or 0.01db of too much

that's kinda fine but I tend to come back a little from there to -0.03 or -0.05dbFS
can explain later if you want
it's a CD playback sort of thing

your reference to " perceived volume " is probably closer to RMS level or continuous level

use your ears

or
use a VU db meter
this can be a real analog VU or it can be software based

all of this takes a little practice
and to be good at it requires LOTS of practice

A quick fix ... so you can learn something ... might be to set the max level and then drive the track up into the limiter until you hear the average level you want
USE YOUR EARS
then check that against the VU meter

welcome to the world of mastering
this and more than a dozen other issues are what mastering is all about

people have spent a lifetime learning the craft of mastering

And made many blood sacrifices in the process (mostly to pay for the gear :D)

At the end of the day you really have to use your ears. The arrangement, frequency spectrum and the phase relationship of the sources within the track will all effect how you perceive loudness, and in many cases what you hear is not be analogous to what you see on meters.